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Failure Analysis

PRODUCT NEWS | 2025-02-27

L.S. Starrett Introduces Vision Metrology System

The L.S. Starrett Co. has expanded its AVR Vision Metrology Line with the introduction of the AVR400 CNC Vision System, the largest benchtop platform to date from Starrett with stage travel that is twice the speed of previous Starrett AVR models. The stage travel is 15.8"x 11.8"x 7.9" (400 mm x 300 mm x 200 mm) in the X-Y-Z axes with a speed of up to 120 mm/sec.

TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2024-12-12

Experimental and Analytical Study of the Effect of Shot Peening on Gear Micropitting and Contact Fatigue Failure

This study aims to investigate the effect of this identified type of shot peening on the micropitting resistance of the gear tooth flanks and the macropitting resistance and to compare the experimental results with the calculation results based on standard methods.

TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2024-05-10

Plastic Gear Testing Methods—Characterization of Crucial Material Data Required for Reliable Design of Plastic Gears

An extremely wide selection of different plastic materials is currently available on the market. A major limitation, however, is a huge gap in gear-specific material data on these materials, which is a problem that has been persisting for decades now. Providing a step towards a solution is the German guideline VDI 2736, which proposes design rating methods (Ref. 2) along with testing procedures (Ref. 3) to be followed to generate reliable data required in the gear rating process. This paper delves into the current state of the art in plastic gear testing, providing a comprehensive overview of employed testing methods, supplemented with case studies.

TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2023-08-28

Enhanced Calculation Method for Tooth Flank Fracture Risk with Consideration of Tensile Residual Stresses in Larger Material Depths

This paper deals with the residual stress depth profiles in case-carburized gears, their effects on the fatigue behavior as well as the enhancement of ISO/TS 6336-4 to include the consideration of tensile residual stresses in the tooth core area. For this purpose, an equation is also presented with which these tensile residual stresses can be estimated so that they can be used in the enhanced evaluation of TFF risk.

TECH TALK | 2023-04-14

Fail Better

This month's issue of Gear Technology covers a subject engineers love to learn about from others but hate to learn about through firsthand experience: gear failure. In a broad sense, all engineering is concerned with failure. Eventually, all parts fail, so engineers need to determine the limits of their design and ensure that it will meet the requirements of the particular application.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-08-03

Capture 3D Joins OMIC R&D

The Oregon Manufacturing Innovation Center Research and Development (OMIC R&D) recently welcomed Capture 3D, a Zeiss company, as a member of the collaboration, now at 41 members. Headquartered in Santa Ana, California, Capture 3D is a leader in innovative optical 3D metrology solutions, including accurate blue light 3D scanners, precision photogrammetry systems, comprehensive inspection software, and high-tech automated inspection systems.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2021-09-10

Buehler Webinar Series: Metallography and Failure Analysis

Buehler is sponsoring a webinar “Metallography and Failure Analysis” on September, 28, 2021, 9:30 am CST (China Standard Time...
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GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2020-12-28

Don't Forget the Follow-Up!

One of the cardinal rules of design engineering is that you will never overcome physics. It is an applied science so misunderstanding or ignoring m...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-03-19

Six Degrees of Gears ...

Our next “origin story” author is another consulting en...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-07-17

Gear Design: Putting Knowledge to Work

We have now sp...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-06-07

Hardenability 102

Material Grade in Gears

GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2014-12-09

A Day That Changed the Future

[starbox] I didn’t start working in the gear business until 1971, but the events of 30 years earlier affected me from the moment I walked into t...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2014-06-26

The Lure of Nostalgia

[starbox] I love old cars but have no desire to drive one on a daily basis. The appeal of a powerful muscle car or winged 1950s convertible i...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2013-09-01

New-Formula Acetylene Cool for Heat Treatment

Acetylene with DMF solvent enables benefits of low-pressure vacuum carburizing.
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FEATURE ARTICLES | 2013-01-01

The Gear Gods Help Those That Help Themselves

"Gear Train" is a new Gear Technology section focusing on training and education in the gear industry. For the first installment, we've focused on AGMA's online and video training programs.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2009-06-01

The Effect of Start-Up Load Conditions on Gearbox Performance and Life Failure Analysis, With Supporting Case Study

If a gear system is run continuously for long periods of time—or if the starting loads are very low and within the normal operating spectrum—the effect of the start-up conditions may often be insignificant in the determination of the life of the gear system. Conversely, if the starting load is significantly higher than any of the normal operating conditions, and the gear system is started and stopped frequently, the start-up load may, depending on its magnitude and frequency, actually be the overriding, limiting design condition.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1996-09-01

Tooth Modification and Spur Gear Tooth Strain

A major source of helicopter cabin noise (which has been measured at over 100 decibels sound pressure level) is the gear box. Reduction of this noise is a NASA and U.S. Army goal.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 1994-03-01

Photography of Gear Failures

Photography is an essential part of gear failure analysis. It not only provides a fast, convenient way to accurately document the appearance of gear failure, but also is an effective diagnostic tool because the magnification obtained through photographic enlargement and slide projection often discloses evidence that may have been missed if the gears were not photographed.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1989-07-01

Into-Mesh Lubrication of Spur Gears - Part 2

In the lubrication and cooling of gear teeth a variety of oil jet lubrication schemes is sometimes used. A method commonly used is a low pressure, low velocity oil jet directed at the ingoing mesh of the gears, as was analyzed in Reference 1. Sometimes an oil jet is directed at the outgoing mesh at low pressures. It was shown in Reference 2 that the out-of-mesh lubrication method provides a minimal impingement depth and low cooling of the gears because of the short fling-off time and fling-off angle.(3) In References 4 and 5 it was shown that a radially directed oil jet near the out-of-mesh position with the right oil pressure was the method that provided the best impingement depth.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1989-07-01

Estimating Hobbing Times

Hobbing is a continuous gear generation process widely used in the industry for high or low volume production of external cylindrical gears. Depending on the tooth size, gears and splines are hobbed in a single pass or in a two-pass cycle consisting of a roughing cut followed by a finishing cut. State-of-the-art hobbing machines have the capability to vary cutting parameters between first and second cut so that a different formula is used to calculate cycle times for single-cut and double-cut hobbing.
PUBLISHER'S PAGE | 1987-01-01

Industry Shows Shift Emphasis

A change has taken place within the industry that is going to have an enormous effect on the marketing, sales, and purchasing of gear manufacturing and related equipment. This change was the American Gear Manufacturers' Association, first biennial combination technical conference and machine tool minishow.
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