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Measurement

PRODUCT NEWS | 2025-02-27

L.S. Starrett Introduces Vision Metrology System

The L.S. Starrett Co. has expanded its AVR Vision Metrology Line with the introduction of the AVR400 CNC Vision System, the largest benchtop platform to date from Starrett with stage travel that is twice the speed of previous Starrett AVR models. The stage travel is 15.8"x 11.8"x 7.9" (400 mm x 300 mm x 200 mm) in the X-Y-Z axes with a speed of up to 120 mm/sec.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2025-02-27

Marposs Corporation Wins Automotive Innovation Award for Gear Tester

With the excellent “NVH G-EAR Single Gear Tester,” Marposs won the “Auto Technology and Equipment Supplier Excellent Innovation Award” at the MM Vogel Automotive Sustaining Power Awards 2024. The primary purpose of the “NVH G-EAR Single Gear Tester” is to assess surface defects, machining distortions, and noise behavior on the individual component prior to the assembly into the gearbox. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2025-02-27

L.S. Starrett Company Announces Key Management Appointments

The L.S. Starrett Co., a leading global manufacturer of precision measuring tools and gages, metrology systems and more, has appointed four new executives to its global organization, further strengthening its corporate management at the highest levels. Starrett welcomes Mr. Roger N. Amrol, Jr. as President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Mr. Barry D. Laughlin as Chief Operating Officer (COO), Mr. Allen E. Look as Global Chief Information Officer (CIO), and Mr. Jon-Michael Raymond as Chief Revenue Officer (CRO). The new executives will be based out of Starrett corporate headquarters in Athol, MA, bringing a wealth of manufacturing industry experience, leadership and skills to Starrett as the company focuses on continuous improvement, growth and innovation.

 

FEATURE ARTICLES | 2024-12-12

Quality Controlled

Zahnradfertigung OTT GmbH & Co. KG was the first company to install the new fully automatic CNC-controlled P 152 precision measuring center from Klingelnberg in its ultra-modern machine park.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2024-10-22

Rego–Fix Announces Partnership with Omega TMM for Innovative Presetting Solution

Rego–Fix, a Swiss toolholding company and inventor of the standard-setting ER collet, has partnered with tool measuring and management solution company Omega TMM for the creation of Orion powered by Rego–Fix – a tool measuring machine using REGO–FIX’s powRgrip toolholding system with Omega TMM’s presetting technology.

PRODUCT NEWS | 2024-07-23

Jenoptik Offers Variety of New Measurement Technologies

At the Control trade fair for quality assurance, Jenoptik offered a variety of automated measuring and inspection stations as well as new sensors and functions of the proven measurement technology for the target groups of automotive manufacturers and suppliers. Here are some highlights:

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2023-06-15

Mitutoyo America Corporation Releases New LH600F/FG Height Gage

Mitutoyo America Corporation, a leading manufacturer of precision metrology instruments and solutions, is proud to announce the release of the Mitutoyo LH600F/FG Linear High Measurement System. The LH600F is the latest model in the Mitutoyo Linear Height Gage line with several added features and benefits along with best-in-class accuracy using a high-accuracy scale unit and high-accuracy guiding mechanism manufactured in our own Japanese facilities. 

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VIDEO | 2023-05-30

Kapp Niles at Control 2023

Kapp Niles Metrology GmbH manufactures measuring machines for the measurement of gears and rotationally symmetrical workpieces. All types of workpieces, from the smallest to the largest, can be measured with the KNM 2X, 4X and 6X machines. Moreover, managing director Gerhard Mohr ranks this innovation as superior to the advantages of the competition. Workpiece types can be changed over in a matter of seconds with the KNM machines. Flexible setup in close proximity to production offers enormous cost and time savings.

VIDEO | 2023-05-30

Wenzel Offers Gear Inspection with GT Series

The new GT series works with Wenzel's standard controller WPC and is used with completely new software. With the GT series, Wenzel sees an opportunity where gear measuring technology and traditional measuring technology work together: tactile and optical.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2023-05-10

New Verisurf 2024 Featured at Control

Verisurf 2024 is the latest release of the popular measurement software for automated quality inspection, reporting, scanning, reverse engineering, tool building, and assembly guidance. The software is powerful, flexible, and easy to use for measurement applications across the manufacturing enterprise.

PRODUCT NEWS | 2023-04-27

Hommel Etamic Introduces new W 600 Series Contour and Roughness Measurement System

Key benefits include high measurement quality, free access to measuring points, rapid changeover of probe system, automatic probe and probe arm recognition, contour probe arms with RFID chip and Evovis evaluation software with extensive functions. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2023-03-22

LK Metrology, Inc. and the Precision Measurement Group of the Cross Company Enter into New Sales Agreement

LK Metrology, Inc. and the Precision Measurement Group of the Cross Company have finalized a new sales agreement that brings the LK Metrology line of CMMs and related metrology products to the Cross Company’s broad expanse of calibration labs and service centers across the Southeast and Central United States. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2023-01-19

Mitutoyo America Corporation Celebrates 60th Anniversary

Mitutoyo America Corporation, a leading manufacturer of precision metrology instruments and solutions, is proud to announce its 60th anniversary.

VIDEO | 2022-12-15

Marposs OptoCloud EDU

Marposs OptoCloud EDU (Electric Drive Unit) is the latest generation of 3D precision inspection solutions, designed for the Electrical Vehicle Industry and its unprecedented quality assurance processes. OptoCloud EDU is capable to reconstruct the 3D model of complex and articulated workpieces and automatically execute measurements and vision inspection tasks.

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PRODUCT NEWS | 2022-10-12

Liebherr Expands Portfolio for Gear Shaping of Double Helical Gears

A newly developed measuring probe now allows Liebherr-Verzahntechnik GmbH the possibility of precise corrective measurement in the gear shaping machine. The measuring probe sits directly on the tool spindle and is therefore in the same coordinate system as the pinion type cutter itself. This reduces inaccuracies which might arise due to a tool change or turning a workpiece and leads to considerably higher quality and process reliability.

PRODUCT NEWS | 2022-10-12

Marposs Announces the Digital Platform, MAINDO

Marposs has announced MAINDO, its new digital platform that integrates Marposs monitoring, measuring, testing or other manufacturer device/solutions throughout the entire production process, combining quality and process into a holistic production monitoring view.

PRODUCT NEWS | 2022-08-31

Exact Metrology Exhibits at Coordinate Metrology Society Conference

Exact Metrology recently exhibited at the Coordinate Metrology Society Conference (CMSC) with their sister division, OASIS Alignment Services: A Division of In-Place Machining Company. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-08-17

Klingelnberg Highlights Gearbox Technology at AMB 2022

System-supplier Klingelnberg will be back at AMB (Booth C41, Hall 5), where it will be highlighting solutions for smooth-running gearboxes. The exhibit will feature the Höfler Cylindrical Gear Grinding Machine Speed Viper, the Klingelnberg Precision Measuring Center P 40 and the newly developed Höfler Cylindrical Gear Roll Testing Machine R 300. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-08-04

Mahr Highlights Digital Comparators at IMTS 2022

Mahr Inc. recently introduced a new generation of electronic digital comparators, the Millimess 2000 W(i) and 2001 W(i). The new digital comparators combine practical and reliable operation with maximum precision. Using a unique inductive measuring system, measurements are more precise than ever with added probe linearization—whether it’s a static or dynamic measurement task.  

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-08-03

Capture 3D Joins OMIC R&D

The Oregon Manufacturing Innovation Center Research and Development (OMIC R&D) recently welcomed Capture 3D, a Zeiss company, as a member of the collaboration, now at 41 members. Headquartered in Santa Ana, California, Capture 3D is a leader in innovative optical 3D metrology solutions, including accurate blue light 3D scanners, precision photogrammetry systems, comprehensive inspection software, and high-tech automated inspection systems.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-08-01

ANCA Offers Integrated Manufacturing System at IMTS 2022

The ANCA Integrated Manufacturing System (AIMS) optimizes cutting tool production through streamlined manufacturing, automation, and connectivity. With ANCA and AIMS, customers can achieve continuous, unattended production that dramatically reduces non-productive machine time, with smart automation that connects sequential tool production processes and offers connectivity across the whole factory. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-07-20

Klingelnberg Offers Gear Production Technology at IMTS 2022

Klingelnberg will be featuring the latest gear production, calculation and measuring technologies during IMTS in Booth #236935.

PRODUCT NEWS | 2022-07-12

Mitutoyo America Corporation Introduces Quick Vision Pro Series

Mitutoyo America Corporation is pleased to announce the release of the Quick Vision Pro Series, the latest generation of Mitutoyo Vision Measurement Systems. Quick Vision Pro Series machines are packed with high-performance technologies that greatly improves 3D non-contact measurement and productivity. This highly advanced non-contact measuring system delivers even more speed, efficiency, and versatility to the Mitutoyo Vision Measurement line. 

PRODUCT NEWS | 2022-06-15

Verisurf Software Now Supports Hexagon Laser Trackers for 3D Measurements

Verisurf Software, Inc. announces support for the new Hexagon, Leica AT500, and B-Probe plus CMM. Verisurf interfaces with Leica Laser Tracker Systems for data collection and 3D measurement workflows, including alignments, inspection, tool building, assembly, scanning, analysis, reporting, automation, and reverse engineering. 

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-04-29

Verisurf Debuts 2023 Release at Control

Verisurf Software, Inc. will be demonstrating Verisurf 2023 at Control, Stuttgart, Germany, May 3 -6, Hall 3, Stand 3312. Verisurf 2023 continues to refine metrology workflows with added features designed to reduce time and improve the efficiency of automated quality inspection and reporting, scanning, reverse engineering, and tool building.

EVENT | 2022-04-19

2022 US Grinding Days Seminar

US Grinding Days Seminar (3M and Liebherr) is a two-day program designed to provide attendees with industry insights into the latest gear grinding methods, technology, and related topics.

EVENT | 2022-04-13

AGMA Basic Gear Inspection for Operators

This course will provide a solid foundation for anyone going into gear inspection. Learn the common, current and basics of the tools and techniques used to measure and inspect gears. Understand the four main categories by which a gear is evaluated and classified.

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2022-02-03

Southern Gear Adds Precision Measurement Resources

Southern Gear is meeting customer requirements for the precise measurement of increasingly complex cylindrical and bevel gears with two a...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2021-09-27

Mitutoyo Introduces Roundtracer Flash to Form Measurement Product Line

Mitutoyo America Corporation is pleased to announce the release of the new Roundtracer Flash. This non-contact measuring unit is expected...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2021-06-01

Hybrid Metrology with Klingelnberg

An overview of tactile and optical metrology

FEATURE ARTICLES | 2021-06-01

Mitutoyo Examines Modern Gear Measurement

When it comes to modern gear measurement, there are still essentially two primary tools that shops use. The first is a machine dedicated solely to measuring gears, which had been the primary method for many years, until recently.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2021-03-18

Kapp Niles Metrology Offers Roughness Measurement

Discover the option of roughness measurement from Kapp Niles Metrology for determining surface roughness of gear teeth. The tactile measu...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2020-08-01

IMTS Future Tech

The Digital Manufacturing Revolution Evolves in 2020 IMTS will offer two comprehensive digital programs, IMTS Network and IMTS Sp...

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2020-06-17

Hoffmann Group Taps WFL Millturn to Test and Optimize Tools

Pushed to the Maximum

With over 4,000 employees and an extensive range of tools, operating equipment and personal protec...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2020-05-28

CAS DataLoggers Offers Vibration Measurement System

The Delphin vibration measurement system is highly accurate because it captures vibration frequencies, phase changes and amplitudes befor...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2020-05-19

Heidenhain Metrology Unit Offers Reliable Basic Measurement of 1D Values

With its rugged industrial design, Heidenhain’s new shop-floor hardened Gage-Chek 2000 evaluation electronics box is now available....
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2020-03-01

Real-Time Measurement Opportunities

Shop floor inspection and gaging equipment is putting advanced metrology systems right on the factory floor. Here’s a collection of articles on shop floor inspection and gages from companies like Gleason, Mahr, Comtorgage, United Tool Supply and Frenco.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2020-01-28

LK Metrology Launches New CMM Measurement Services Department

Located in their new North American Tech Center, LK Metrology has built a new CMM measurement services department for performing contract...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2019-11-01

The Application of Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) - Compatible Strategies for Measurement of Involute Gears

During the revision of ISO 1328-1:2013 Cylindrical gears — ISO system of flank tolerance classification, ISO Technical Committee TC 60 WG2 delegates discussed proposals that the standard should be modified to ensure that it is compatible with the ISO Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) series of standards (Refs. 1-3). This seems sensible because the gears are geometrical components, but after reviewing the implications, it was rejected because ISO TC 60 WG2 did not think the gear manufacturing industry was ready for such a radical change in measurement strategy. The feasibility of the implementation of gears into the GPS matrix of standards has been carried out and the results conclude that this is practical, provided some key issues related to measurement uncertainty and establishing appropriate KPIs are addressed.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-10-24

Finding the Leading Edge

I had planned to attend the MPT Show in Detroit last week and participate in Gear Technology ‘s Ask the Expert panel, but...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-09-17

Pursuing Perfection

I missed an important point in a product specification this week. Fortunately, my client caught it and I was able to submit another design in time ...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2019-08-01

Microgear Measurement Standards: Comparing Tactile, Optical and Computed Tomography Measurements

PTB's two microgear measurement standards and their analyses using seven measurement methods which are then presented, evaluated and compared with each other.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2019-07-22

API Acquires Exact Laser Measurements

Automated Precision, Inc (API) has announced the acquisition of Exact Laser Measurements, a leading provider of portable metrology servic...
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2019-07-01

Measurement Management

The secret to meeting today's inspection demands is influenced by the technology and those in charge of operating it.
ASK THE EXPERT | 2019-07-01

Tooth Thickness Tolerance and AGMA 2002-C16

A reader asks: We are currently revising our gear standards and tolerances and a few questions with the new standard AGMA 2002-C16 have risen. Firstly, the way to calculate the tooth thickness tolerance seems to need a "manufacturing profile shift coefficient" that isn't specified in the standard; neither is another standard referred to for this coefficient. This tolerance on tooth thickness is needed later to calculate the span width as well as the pin diameter. Furthermore, there seems to be no tolerancing on the major and minor diameters of a gear.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2019-07-01

Fully Automated Roughness Measurement on Gears — Even on the Shop Floor

Klingelnberg presents the technical aspects of its roughness measurement system.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-06-04

And may you have the joy of passing something on…

One of the reoccurring themes in our “origin stories” project is the willingness of people to school us in the sometimes confusing world of gears. ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2019-05-31

Klingelnberg Offers Complete Measurement of Complex Components

Whether turning blanks, ground workpieces, or rolling bearings – Klingelnberg Precision Measuring Centers of G variant – the ...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-05-24

Finding the Limits

Jim Richard’s account of his journey from youthful experimenter to designer of cutting edge gear processing equipment illustrates the amazing thing...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-05-16

Free Agents Welcome

Mr. Hinz’s “transfer” from hydraulics to gearing points...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-04-30

Hanspeter Dinner—My Story

It was the middle of December — rainy, dark, late, cold. My job with a roller coaster company was the wrong choice. I had a job interview with KISS...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2019-04-03

Mahr Offers MarSurf GD Series for Roughness Measurements

Mahr Inc. has announced the addition of the MarSurf GD series for roughness measurements to its new line of surface measuring instruments...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2019-01-30

From Co-op to Vice President: Octave A. LaBath

I was attending the University of Cincinnati in the college of engineering. After my freshman year in 1960, I started my co-op job with the Cincinn...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2018-11-23

API Offers Robot Performance Measurement and Calibration Solution

Laser measurement technology company, API, announces the launch of a Laser Tracker based industrial robot performance and calibration sol...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-11-20

A Time for Gratitude

An early winter storm has knocked out our Internet connection as I write this. A startling reminder of just how much we rely on the world wide web ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2018-11-15

Beautiful on the Inside

Higher Quality Internal Gears

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2018-10-12

Starrett Digital Gages Offer Diverse Force Measurements

The L.S. Starrett Co. has introduced its DFC and DFG Series of Digital Handheld Force Gages. Depending on the series, advanced automati...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-10-09

Where to Next?

We have devoted this year to going over fundamentals of gear and gearbox design and manufacture. Before we move on to other topics, I would like to...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2018-07-01

Complete Measurement of Gearbox Components

In today's production environment, a variety of different measurement devices is used to assess the quality and accuracy of workpieces. These devices include CMMs, gear checkers, form testers, roughness testers, and more. It requires a high machine investment and a high handling effort - especially if a full end-of-line measurement is needed. One approach to reduce quality costs is to include all measurements in one single machine that is suitable and robust enough for use in production.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2018-06-26

Zoller Highlights Smart Factory Solutions

Zoller Inc. has a new digital playground in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The tooling, inspection and tool management company now has 44,000+ sq. ft. of spa...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-06-20

Gear Materials: You Don’t Know What You Don’t Know

Before we leave our study of materials, I want to share a few thoughts on heat treating, lab tests, and hardness testing. When you start working wi...
ASK THE EXPERT | 2018-06-01

Selecting the Right Tooth Thickness

A reader asks: We are currently revising our gear standards and tolerances, and a few problems with the new standard AGMA 2002-C16 have arisen. Firstly, the way to calculate the tooth thickness tolerance seems to need a "manufacturing profile shift coefficient" that isn't specified in the standard; neither is another standard referred to for this coefficient. This tolerance on tooth thickness is needed later to calculate the span width as well as the pin diameter. Furthermore, there seems to be no tolerancing on the major and minor diameters of a gear.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-05-24

The Right Stuff

Even the most brilliant gear design will fail if the wrong material is used to make the parts. Our understanding of metallurgy and alloying element...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-04-26

Actions Have Consequences

The initial motivation for changing outside diameters was the avoidance of undercutting. Designers, engineers, and theoreticians quickly discovered...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-04-25

The Long and Short of It

One of the problems with “tribal knowledge” is that the terminology can confuse those who are not fully immersed in that community. I have lost ...

INDUSTRY NEWS | 2018-03-01

Industry News

Germany adopts ISO 1328 standard for the measurement of gears, plus other news and announcements from around the industry.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2018-01-11

The Beginning of Wisdom

Faithful followers of this blog can complete that mantra without prompting, but for new readers — the beginning of wisdom is calling things by thei...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2017-11-16

Herringbones 102

Imagine for a moment that your boss invented the herringbone tooth form and tasked you with building machines to cut them. This was the situation P...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-11-07

Jenoptik Industrial Metrology Hommel-Etamic Wavemove Measuring Station Features Eight-Axis CNC Measurement Technology

The Jenoptik Industrial Metrology division offers a fully automated measuring station which can be operated directly by staff on the prod...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-11-06

Mahr Inc. MarOpto MT 100 Fizeau Interferometer Towers Offers In-Production Measurement Solution

Mahr Inc. has introduced the MarOpto MT 100, the first in a new series of Fizeau interferometer towers for measuring optics directly in p...
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2017-09-01

ASM Heat Treat 2017

Don't miss these exhibitors co-located with Gear Expo.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2017-08-31

Cost Reduction Ideas

A commentator recently asked for “real world” examples of how he could reduce costs and win more orders. Improved technology is often cited as the ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-08-18

Coordinate Metrology Society Holds Portable Measurement Technology Conference

The Coordinate Metrology Society (CMS) oversaw the 2017 Coordinate Metrology Society Conference (CMSC) in Snowbird, Utah, hosted hundreds...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-08-08

WZL Gear Conference Highlights Latest Technology

Liebherr Gear Technology Inc. recently hosted the 7th WZL Gear Conference in the USA 2017 in Ann Arbor, Michigan. This two-day program o...
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2017-07-01

Measuring Left and Right

CMM Inspection vs. GMM Inspection. Speed is the name of the game.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2017-07-01

Gear Inspection at Light Speed

Revolutionary new inspection technologies are helping gear manufacturers develop and produce more complex, higher quality gears in a fraction of the time it used to take.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-05-31

Mahr Federal Depth Gaging Equipment Provide Wireless Data Transmission to Expedite Measurement Process

Mahr Federal expands its line of wireless gaging products to include a range of depth gaging products. Digital Depth Gage MarCal 30 EWR, ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-04-11

Gleason Inspection System Offers Key Measurements on Single Platform

Gleason Corporation’s new 300GMSL Multi-Sensor Gear Inspection System will have its European première at the Control Show in...
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2017-03-28

Should Gear Technology be Open Source?

One of the few things I miss about my old commute is all the great content I heard on public radio. Ten hours a week of news, in depth features, an...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-03-21

Worm Gears: Higher Energy Efficiency and Less Strain on Resources

Introduction The concepts of sustainability and energy efficiency are gaining importance in power transmission engineering. Mor...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-02-23

Marposs Optoquick 3.0 High Precision Gage Delivers Both Tactile and Optical Measurement Technology in One Package

Marposs announces the introduction of Optoquick 3.0, its latest addition to the industrial gauging solutions portfolio. Optoquick is a hi...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2017-01-31

Mahr Custom RPM Gage Designed for Dynamic Measurement of Cylindrical Parts

The MarSolutions team at Mahr Federal has developed a customized RPM gage for the dynamic measurement of cylindrical parts such as commut...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2016-08-02

Phase II Ultrasonic Hardness Tester Provides Portable Measurement of Both Hard and Soft Metals

This handheld device allows the measure of hardness on small, large, flat, round, thin or thick workpieces. This rugged metal body unit i...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2016-07-21

Mitutoyo America 519 Series Mu-Checker Probes and Displays Allow Multi-Point Measurements of Small Parts

Mitutoyo America Corporation introduces the 519 Series of high-accuracy Mu-Checker probes and displays. These electronic gaging systems a...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2016-07-01

Mitutoyo Quick Vision Active CNC Vision Measurement System Offers Interchangeable Objective Zoom Lenses

Mitutoyo America Corporation has announced the addition of the Quick Vision Active series to the line-up of vision measurement systems. T...
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2016-03-01

Plastic Gearing Continues Converting the Unconverted

Plastic gears are everywhere today - throughout your car, at the oceans' lowest depths, in deep space. The question, when is a metal gear a candidate for plastic conversion, can be addressed in three words, i.e. what's the application?
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2016-01-25

Mahr Federal System Generates Single Pass Surface and Contour Measurements

Mahr Federal has introduced a new "entry level" surface finish and contour measuring system that can generate both surface and ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2016-01-21

Hexagon Offers Latest ROMER Absolute Arm for High-End 3D Measurements

Hexagon Manufacturing Intelligence announced its new, top-of-the-line addition to the ROMER Absolute Arm portable coordinate measuring ma...
PRODUCT NEWS | 2015-09-01

Product News

News about New Products
ASK THE EXPERT | 2015-09-01

Gear Macrogeometry

I have outsourced gear macrogeometry due to lack of resources. Now I received the output from them and one of the gears is with —0.8× module correction factor for m = 1.8 mm gear. Since bending root stress and specific slide is at par with specification, but negative correction factor —0.8× module — is quite high — how will it influence NVH behavior/transmission error? SAP and TIF are very close to 0.05 mm; how will that influence the manufacturing/cost?
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2015-07-06

Mitutoyo LEGEX 4 CNC Machine Provides High-Accuracy Measurements

Mitutoyo America Corporation recently released the latest LEGEX CNC coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The LEGEX 4 delivers accuracy in ...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2015-07-01

I Like Big Gears and I Cannot Lie!

Many years ago, when asked how the five-meter gear was checked, the quality manager responded, “When they’re that big, they’re never bad!” That may have been the attitude and practice in the past, but it no longer serves the manufacturer nor the customer. Requirements have been evolving steadily, requiring gears to perform better and last longer.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2015-06-04

Things We Don’t Know

Noted gear consultant and gear educator Ray Drago is fond of saying that a consultant’s best answers usually start with “it depends.” Those of you ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2015-06-01

Industry News

News from Around the Gear Industry
ADDENDUM | 2015-05-01

Henry Maudslay

Here is some history that bears repeating - or at least re-reading. So take a few minutes to give it up for a long-gone Brit named Henry Maudslay (August 22, 1771 - February 14, 1831) - also known as "A Founding Father of Machine Tool Technology." You might also consider him an early leader in inspection, as he also invented the first bench micrometer capable of measuring to one ten-thousandth of an inch.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2015-02-24

Why is this Stuff Still so Complicated?

[starbox] Much of my engineering practice is working with companies that design machines only once in a while. I enjoy working with the people on ...
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2015-01-01

Getting in Gear with the Chain of Innovations

At the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, so-called mechanics were tasked with devising the precise methods that would make mass production possible. The result was the first generation of machine tools, which in turn required improved tooling and production methods.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2014-11-20

One Man’s Treasure

ASK THE EXPERT | 2014-11-01

Small-Module Gear Design

Gears with a diametral pitch 20 and greater, or a module 1.25 millimeters and lower, are called fine-pitch or low-module gears. The design of these gears has its own specifics.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2014-09-02

Shared Responsibilities

[starbox] Coming off the Labor Day weekend, I had time to reflect on what the holiday means beyond marking the end of summer, retiring (for the ...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2014-08-01

First International Involute Gear Comparison

Measurement institutions of seven different countries — China, Germany, Japan, Thailand, Ukraine, United Kingdom and the U.S. — participated in the implementation of the first international comparison of involute gear measurement standards. The German metrology institute Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) was chosen as the pilot laboratory as well as the organizer. Three typical involute gear measurement standards provided by the PTB were deployed for this comparison: a profile, a helix and a pitch measurement standard. In the final analysis, of the results obtained from all participants, the weighted mean was evaluated as reference value for all 28 measured parameters. However, besides the measurement standards, the measured parameters, and, most importantly, some of the comparison results from all participants are anonymously presented. Furthermore, mishandling of the measurement standards as occurred during the comparison will be illustrated.
GEAR TALK WITH CHUCK | 2014-07-22

Happiness is a Full Shipping Dock

[starbox] A young engineer I know broke new ground on Face Book today by posting photos of his most recent project on the shipping dock. Anyone wh...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2013-10-01

Gear Standards and ISO GPS

In today’s globalized manufacturing, all industrial products having dimensional constraints must undergo conformity specifications assessments on a regular basis. Consequently, (standardization) associated with GD&T (geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing) should be un-ambiguous and based on common, accepted rules. Of course gears - and their mechanical assemblies - are special items, widely present in industrial applications where energy conversion and power transmission are involved.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2013-06-01

GT Extras

Video from Hexagon Metrology, Back-to-Basics archive, e-mail newsletter updates and what's happening on LinkedIn
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2013-05-10

Gleason Demonstrates Gear Measurement Technology at Control 2013

Gleason Metrology Systems will demonstrate their latest advances in gear measurement technology at Control 2013, May 14-17 in Stuttgart, ...
PRODUCT NEWS | 2013-01-01

CMM Gear Inspection

Mitutoyo offers capable, affordable and flexible gear inspection option via coordinate measuring machines and gear inspection software.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2013-01-01

Product News

The complete Product News section from the January/February 2013 issue of Gear Technology.
ASK THE EXPERT | 2013-01-01

Measurement of Involute Master

Our experts tackle the topic of measuring involute masters, including both master gears and gear inspection artifacts.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2012-11-29

Sunnen Bore Gages Offer Precise Hole Measurement

Sunnen's PG Bore Gages take an intuitive approach to hole gaging with a mechanical design and speedometer-type scale for quick visual...
PRODUCT NEWS | 2012-06-01

Tomorrow's Gear Inspection Systems: Arriving Just in Time

Gleason's GMS analytical gear inspection systems provide all the right features at Eaton Corp.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2012-06-01

Gear Quality Inspection: How Good is Yours

How well you conduct your inspections can be the difference-maker for securing high-value contracts from your customers. And as with most other segments of the gear industry, inspection continues striving to attain “exact science” status. With that thought in mind, following is a look at the state of gear inspection and what rigorous inspection practices deliver—quality.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2012-06-01

Runout, Helix Accuracy and Shaper Cutters

Our experts discuss runout and helix accuracy, as well as the maximum number of teeth in a shaper cutter.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2012-06-01

Towards an Improved AGMA Accuracy Classification System on Double-Flank Composite Measurements

AGMA introduced ANSI/AGMA 2015–2–A06— Accuracy Classification System: Radial System for Cylindrical Gears, in 2006 as the first major rewrite of the double-flank accuracy standard in over 18 years. This document explains concerns related to the use of ANSI/AGMA 2015–2–A06 as an accuracy classification system and recommends a revised system that can be of more service to the gearing industry.
VOICES | 2011-09-01

Not All Good Ideas Are Brand New

A reader clarifies technology presented in the March/April 2011 issue.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2011-06-01

An Emphasis on Accuracy

Meeting the many challenges of large gear inspection.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2011-05-01

Dearborn Precision Puts Dual Purpose Zeiss CMM to the Task

When parts you manufacture pass through numerous processes such as deep hole drilling, machining, hobbing and grinding, a CMM is essential when your customers require 100 percent in-process and final inspection.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2011-03-01

Carl Zeiss CMM Guides Andrew Tool with Complex Mars Rover Project

At Andrew Tool, CMMs have been an integral part of their manufacturing processes for years, but they had never faced a project with such intricate measurements, tight tolerances, heat treatments and a very short time frame requirement.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2011-03-01

Zoller and Ingersoll Partner for Measuring Hob Cutters

With growing markets in aerospace and energy technologies, measuring hob cutters used in gear cutting is becoming an essential requirement for workpieces and machine tools. Zoller, a provider of solutions for tool pre-setters, measuring and inspection machines and tool management software, has developed a new partnership with Ingersoll/Germany for shop floor checking of hob cutters by a combined hardware and software approach.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2011-03-01

Gear Measuring Machine by NDG Method for Gears Ranging from Miniature to Super-Large

A new inspection method has several advantages over traditional methods, especially for very large or very small gears.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2011-01-01

Measurement of Directly Designed Gears with Symmetric and Asymmetric Teeth

In comparison with the traditional gear design approach based on preselected, typically standard generating rack parameters, the Direct Gear Design method provides certain advantages for custom high-performance gear drives that include: increased load capacity, efficiency and lifetime; reduced size, weight, noise, vibrations, cost, etc. However, manufacturing such directly designed gears requires not only custom tooling, but also customization of the gear measurement methodology. This paper presents definitions of main inspection dimensions and parameters for directly designed spur and helical, external and internal gears with symmetric and asymmetric teeth.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2010-09-01

What's the Big Attraction - IMTS 2010

The great thing about a trade show the size of IMTS is the amount of options available to attendees. If you’re into cars, fighter jets, machine tools, fighting robots, manufacturing relics or simply the latest technology advancements in a particular industry, you’ll find it at IMTS 2010.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2010-07-01

Improved Inspection Software Helps Provide Optimum Cutting Results

Klingelnberg measuring centers eliminate trial-and-error with modern analysis tools.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2010-07-01

Large Gears, Better Inspection

Investment in Gleason GMM Series inspection equipment helps drive Milwaukee Gear's expansion into profitable new markets around the world—all hungry for high-precision custom gears and gear drives.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2010-07-01

User-Friendly Gear Measurement

Good timing leads to partnership between Process Equipment and Schafer Gear.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2010-07-01

Cotta Transmission Installs CMM with Gear Checking Module

Xspect Solutions Provides Wenzel Bridge-Type CMM Equipped with OpenDMIS Software for Basic Gear Measuring Capability with CMM Flexibility.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2009-07-01

Extending the Benefits of Elemental Gear Inspection

It may not be widely recognized that most of the inspection data supplied by inspection equipment, following the practices of AGMA Standard 2015 and similar standards, are not of elemental accuracy deviations but of some form of composite deviations. This paper demonstrates the validity of this “composite” label by first defining the nature of a true elemental deviation and then, by referring to earlier literature, demonstrating how the common inspection practices for involute, lead (on helical gears), pitch, and, in some cases, total accumulated pitch, constitute composite measurements.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2009-05-01

In-Situ Measurement of Stresses in Carburized Gears via Neutron Diffraction

This paper presents the results of research directed at measuring the total stress in a pair of statically loaded and carburized spur gears. Measurements were made to examine the change in total stress as a function of externally applied load and depth below the surface.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2009-01-01

Big Gears - High Standards, High Profits

Natural resources—minerals, coal, oil, agricultural products, etc.—are the blessings that Mother Earth confers upon the nations of the world. But it takes unnaturally large gears to extract them.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2008-09-03

Alpha Gear's Newest Software Simplifies Selecting Gear Reducers

The Cymex calculation software from alpha gear drives Inc. uses a database of company products and 6,000 motors from various manufacturer...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2008-05-01

Update on the National Center for Gear Metrology

The status on traceability of gear artifacts in the United States.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2008-05-01

Calibration of Two-Flank Roll Testers

The presence of significant errors in the two-flank roll test (a work gear rolled in tight mesh against a master gear) is well-known, but generally overlooked.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2007-03-01

Plastic Gears--A Growing Industry Still Seeking Respect

Forty years ago, the plastics industry was practically in its embryonic phase...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2007-03-01

Transmission Error and Noise Emission of Spur Gears

Transmission error (TE) is recognized as one of the most important causes of gear acoustic emissions...
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2006-11-01

Characteristics of Master Gears

The two-flank roll test measures kickout (tooth-to-tooth composite error) and tooth thickness. In this article, it will be shown that measured values vary with the number of teeth on the master gear.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2006-09-01

Product News

The complete Product News section from September/October 2006.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2006-04-08

Gleason Genesis S130SV Gear Shaving Machine

The 130SV shaving machine from Gleason is the newest of the company’s Genesis family of gear production equipment. Introduced to...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2006-03-10

Sterling Instrument’s Anti-Backlash Gears Eliminate Marred Shafts

A new series of 1158 anti-backlash gears manufactured by Sterling Instruments feature the Fairloc integral hub fastening system, which el...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2006-01-18

GKS Inspection Systems Expands In-House Measurement Capabilities

GKS Inspection Services, Inc., a division of Laser Design, Inc., has expanded its Detroit-area dimensional inspec...

TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2005-09-01

Measuring Pitch Diameter

Wait a minute, we don't measure pitch diameter. We're sometimes asked to measure it by customers, though, especially ones with older drawings.
PRODUCT NEWS | 2005-07-01

Product News

The complete Product News from July/August 2005.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2005-02-18

Hansen Transmission Opens Chinese facility

Hansen Transmissions has opened a facility in Shanghai, China, for the representation of its line of gear units, turbines and industrial ...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2004-04-02

Philadelphia Gear Hires Canadian Rep

Gaetan Perron was hired as the sales representative for established Philadelphia Gear customers in Canada and for prospects in eastern On...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2004-01-29

ZF Gearheads Used to Detect Galaxy Clusters

Precision planetary gearheads from ZF Great Britain provide high levels of torque for Cambridge University’s new radio telescope ins...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2004-01-28

New Gear Measurement Software from Wilcox

The PC-DMIS gear measuring software from Wilcox is designed for any CMM. The software is an alternative to dedicated gear measurement...
INDUSTRY NEWS | 2003-12-01

Xtek and Metlab Form Alliance

Xtek Inc. and Metlab formed a strategic partnership that leverages Metlab’s carburizing furnaces to expand the capabilities of both ...
PRODUCT NEWS | 2003-07-01

Product News

Complete Product News for July/August 2003.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 2000-09-01

Gear Up for Performance: An Introduction to Synthetic Lubricants for Fractional Horespower Applications

Editor's Note: The following article details the advantages of synthetic lubricants in certain applications. However, the user should be aware of certain design issues arising from the extract chemistry of the synthetic. For example, some synthetics may have low solvency for additives. Others may not be compatible with mineral oils or nonmetallic components such as seals and paints. Some synthetics may absorb water and may not have the same corrosion resistance as mineral oils. Finally, the user should consider biodegradability or toxicity before switching to any new lubricant. Many of these concerns are present in petroleum-based lubricants as well, so consult a lubrication specialist before specifying a lubricant.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 2000-03-01

The Effect of Material Defects on Gear Perfomance - A Case Study

The quality of the material used for highly loaded critical gears is of primary importance in the achievement of their full potential. Unfortunately, the role which material defects play is not clearly understood by many gear designers. The mechanism by which failures occur due to material defects is often circuitous and not readily apparent. In general, however, failures associated with material defects show characteristics that point to the source of the underlying problem, the mechanism by which the failure initiated, and the manner in which it progressed to failure of the component.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 1999-07-01

Bigger and Better Than Ever

Gear Expo 99, AGMA's biennial showcase for the gear industry, has left the Rust Belt this year and landed in Music City U.S.A., Nashville, Tennessee. The event, with exhibitors from around the globe showing off the latest in gear manufacturing as well as metal working processes, will be held at the Nashville Convention Center, October 24-27, 1999. According to Kurt Medert, AGMA vice president and Gear Expo show manager, "In choosing Nashville, AGMA;s Trade Show Advisory Council found a city that is an excellent trade show site. It has the right mix of convention center, nearby hotels, and a clean downtown area with entertainment readily available for the exhibitors and visitors alike. Nashville is in the heart of southern industry, which we see as a focus of growth for the gear industry and its customers."
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1998-03-01

Programmable Separation of Runout From Profile and Lead Inspection Data for Gear Teeth With Arbitrary Modifications

A programmable algorithm is developed to separate out the effect of eccentricity (radial runout) from elemental gear inspection date, namely, profile and lead data. This algorithm can be coded in gear inspection software to detect the existence, the magnitude and the orientation of the eccentricity without making a separate runout check. A real example shows this algorithm produces good results.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1998-01-01

Influence of Gear Design on Gearbox Radiated Noise

A major source of helicopter cabin noise (which has been measured at over 100 decibels sound pressure level) is the gearbox. Reduction of this noise is a NASA and U.S. Army goal. A requirement for the Army/NASA Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission project was a 10 dB noise reduction compared to current designs.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1998-01-01

Automated Inspection Systems: The Whole Picture

No one (not even you and I) consistently makes parts with perfect form and dimensions, so we must be able to efficiently check size and shape at many stages in the manufacturing and assembly process to eliminate scrap and rework and improve processes and profits. Automated inspection systems, which are widely used in all kinds of manufacturing operations, provide great efficiencies in checking individual features, but may not be as effective when asked to evaluate an entire part. You need to know why this is true and what you can do to improve your part yields.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1997-09-01

Worm Gear Measurement

Several articles have appeared in this publication in recent years dealing with the principles and ways in which the inspection of gears can be carried out, but these have dealt chiefly with spur, helical and bevel gearing, whereas worm gearing, while sharing certain common features, also requires an emphasis in certain areas that cause it to stand apart. For example, while worm gears transmit motion between nonparallel shafts, as do bevel and hypoid gears, they usually incorporate much higher ratios and are used in applications for which bevel would not be considered, including drives for rotary and indexing tables in machine tools, where close tolerance of positioning and backlash elimination are critical, and in situations where accuracy of pitch and profile are necessary for uniform transmission at speed, such as elevators, turbine governor drives and speed increasers, where worm gears can operate at up to 24,000 rpm.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1997-09-01

Thermal Effects on CMMs

The trend toward moving coordinate measuring machines to the shop floor to become an integral part of the manufacturing operations brings real time process control within the reach of many companies. Putting measuring machines on the shop floor, however, subjects them to harsh environmental conditions. Like any measuring system, CMMs are sensitive to any ambient condition that deviates from the "perfect" conditions of the metrology lab.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1997-07-01

M & M Precision, Penn State & NIST Team Up For Gear Metrology Research

In 1993, M & M Precision Systems was awarded a three-year, partial grant from the Advanced Technology Program of the Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Working with Pennsylvania State University, M&M embarked on a technology development project to advance gear measurement capabilities to levels of accuracy never before achieved.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1997-07-01

Obtaining Meaningful Surface Roughness Measurements on Gear Teeth

Surface roughness measuring of gear teeth can be a very frustrating experience. Measuring results often do not correlate with any functional characteristic, and many users think that they need not bother measuring surface roughness, since the teeth are burnished in operation. They mistakenly believe that the roughness disappears in a short amount of time. This is a myth! The surface indeed is shiny, but it still has considerable roughness. In fact, tests indicate that burnishing only reduces the initial roughness by approximately 25%.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1996-07-01

Noise Reduction in Plastic & Powder Metal Gear Sets

The data discussed in this article was taken from an upright vacuum cleaner. This was a prototype cleaner that was self-propelled by a geared transmission. It was the first time that the manufacturer had used a geared transmission in this application.
FEATURE ARTICLES | 1996-05-01

Cutting Tools Now

The cutting tool is basic to gear manufacturing. Whether it's a hob, broach, shaper cutter or EDM wire, not much gets done without it. And the mission of the tool remains the same as always; removing material as quickly, accurately and cost-effectively as possible. Progress in the field tends to be evolutionary, coming gradually over time, but recently, a confluence of emerging technologies and new customer demands has caused significant changes in the machines, the materials and the coatings that make cutting tools.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1996-01-01

Measurement Error Induced by Measuring over Pins Instead of Balls

The purpose of this article is to clarify some terms and methods used in measuring the size of gears. There is also an explanation given of the error induced and how to correct for it in certain cases when the measurement is made using pins instead of balls.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1995-09-01

Gear Inspection For The Long Haul

Question: We just received permission to purchase our first CNC gear inspection system. With capital approvals so hard to come by, especially for inspection equipment, I want to be sure to purchase a system I can count of for years to come. My past experience with purchasing CNC equipment has shown me that serviceability of the computer and the CNC controller portion of the system can be a problem in just a few years because of the obsolescence factor. What information do I need to look for when selecting a supplier to reduce the risk of obsolescence, as well as to reduce the long-term servicing costs in the computer and controls portion of the system?
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1995-07-01

How to Avoid Errors When Measuring Step Gears

There are problems in dimensional measurement that should be simple to solve with standard measuring procedures, but aren't. In such cases, using accepted practices may result in errors of hundreds of microns without any warning that something is wrong.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1994-11-01

Quality Gear Inspection - Part II

This section will deal with the use of gear inspection for diagnostic purposes rather than quality determination. The proper evaluation of various characteristics in the data can be useful for the solution of quality problems. It is important to sort out whether the problem is coming from the machine, tooling and/or cutters, blanks, etc. An article by Robert Moderow in the May/June 1985 issue of Gear Technology is very useful for this purpose.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1994-09-01

Quality Gear Inspection - Part I

Quality gear inspection means doing the "right" inspections "right." A lot of time and money can be spent doing the wrong types of inspections related to function and doing them incorrectly. As we will discover later, such things as runout can creep into the manufacturing and inspection process and completely ruin any piece of data that is taken. this is one of the most important problems to control for quality inspection.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1994-01-01

The Gear Hobbing Process

Gear hobbing is a generating process. The term generating refers to the fact that the gear tooth form cut is not the conjugate form of the cutting tool, the hob. During hobbing both the hob and the workpiece rotate in a continuous rotational relationship. During this rotation, the hob is typically fed axially with all the teeth being gradually formed as the tool traverses the work face (see Fig. 1a).
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1993-07-01

Gear Tip Chamfer and Gear Noise; Surface Measurement of Spiral Bevel Gear Teeth

Could the tip chamfer that manufacturing people usually use on the tips of gear teeth be the cause of vibration in the gear set? The set in question is spur, of 2.25 DP, with 20 degrees pressure angle. The pinion has 14 teeth and the mating gear, 63 teeth. The pinion turns at 535 rpm maximum. Could a chamfer a little over 1/64" cause a vibration problem?
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1993-03-01

Improving Gear Manufacturing Quality With Surface Texture Measurement

The working surfaces of gear teeth are often the result of several machining operations. The surface texture imparted by the manufacturing process affects many of the gear's functional characteristics. To ensure proper operation of the final assembly, a gear's surface texture characteristics, such as waviness and roughness, can be evaluated with modern metrology instruments.
MANAGEMENT MATTERS | 1992-09-01

The Bottom Line on Trade Shows

The whole point of a trade show is to get leads that will turn into sales. No matter how attractive your booth was, no matter how smoothly the setup and the show ran, no matter how many visitors you had at your booth, if your presence at a show didn't net you any sales, then your considerable investment of time, money, and effort has been wasted.
VOICES | 1992-09-01

Reader Dialogue: Functional Measurement of Gears; More Good Gear Books

From time to time, the editors of "Shop Floor" receive correspondence from readers relating to particular articles they have written for past issues. As one of the purposes of this column is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas, we reproduce here two of these letters and their replies. The subject of the first is the functional measurement of gears. (See Gear Technology, Sept/Oct, 1991, p. 17) Robert E. Smith writes the reply.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1992-07-01

Gear Inspection and Measurement

The purpose of gear inspection is to: Assure required accuracy and quality, Lower overall cost of manufacture by controlling rejects and scrap, Control machines and machining practices and maintain produced accuracy as machines and tools wear, Determine hear treat distortions to make necessary corrections.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1992-05-01

Effects of Temperature on Gage Repeatability & Reproducibility

Temperature Induced Dimensional Changes Temperature causes various materials to change size at different rate, known as their Coefficients of Expansion (COE). The effects of this phenomenon on precision dimensional measurements are continuous and costly to industry. Precautions can be taken to allow parts and gages to temperature stabilize before conducting gage R & R studies, but the fact remains that on the shop floor temperatures vary all the time. The slow pace at which industry has accepted this reality probably has to do with the subtlety of these tiny size variations and our inability to sense gradual, but significant temperature changes.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1991-11-01

Recent Developments in Gear Metrology

Metrology is a vital component of gear manufacturing. Recent changes in this area, due in large part to the advent of computers, are highlighted in this article by comparison with more traditional methods.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1991-09-01

Single Flank Measuring; Estimating Horsepower Capacity

Question: What is functional measurement and what is the best method for getting truthful answers?
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1991-01-01

What Is Runout, And Why Should I Worry About It

Runout is a troublemaker! Good shop practice for the manufacture or inspection of gears requires the control of runout. Runout is a characteristic of gear quality that results in an effective center distance variation. As long as the runout doesn't cause loss of backlash, it won't hurt the function of the gear, which is to transmit smooth motion under load from one shaft to another. However, runout does result in accumulated pitch variation, and this causes non-uniform motion, which does affect the function of the gears. Runout is a radial phenomenon, while accumulated pitch variation is a tangential characteristic that causes transmission error. Gears function tangentially. It is also possible to have a gear with accumulated pitch variation, but little or no runout.
VOICES | 1988-11-01

Viewpoint

Eliot K. Buckingham explains the procedure for proper measurement over wires for worm gears, in response to last issue's article.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1987-11-01

Selection of Hobbing Data

The art of gear hobbing has advanced dramatically since the development and introduction of unique machine and tool features such as no backlash, super rigidity, automatic loading of cutting tools, CNC controls, additional machine power and improved cutter materials and coatings. It is essential to utilize all these features to run the machine economically.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1987-09-01

Effects of Hob Quality and Resharpening Errors on Generating Accuracy

The modern day requirement for precision finished hobbed gears, coupled with the high accuracy characteristics of modern CNC hobbing machines, demands high tool accuracy.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1987-09-01

The Interrelationship of Tooth Thickness Measurements as Evaluated by Various Measuring Techniques

The first commandment for gears reads "Gears must have backlash!" When gear teeth are operated without adequate backlash, any of several problems may occur, some of which may lead to disaster. As the teeth try to force their way through mesh, excessive separating forces are created which may cause bearing failures. These same forces also produce a wedging action between the teeth with resulting high loads on the teeth. Such loads often lead to pitting and to other failures related to surface fatigue, and in some cases, bending failures.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1987-03-01

Checking Large Gears

Gear manufacturing schedules that provide both quality and economy are dependent on efficient quality control techniques with reliable measuring equipment. Given the multitude of possible gear deviations, which can be found only by systematic and detailed measuring of the gear teeth, adequate quality control systems are needed. This is especially true for large gears, on which remachining or rejected workpieces create very high costs. First, observation of the gears allows adjustment of the settings on the equipment right at the beginning of the process and helps to avoid unproductive working cycles. Second, the knowledge of deviations produced on the workpiece helps disclose chance inadequacies on the production side: e.g., faults in the machines and tools used, and provides an opportunity to remedy them.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1986-05-01

Generating and Checking Involute Gear Teeth

It has previously been demonstrated that one gear of an interchangeable series will rotate with another gear of the same series with proper tooth action. It is, therefore, evident that a tooth curve driven in unison with a mating blank, will "generate" in the latter the proper tooth curve to mesh with itself.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1986-05-01

Identification of Gear Noise with Single Flank Composite Measurement

Anyone involved in the design, manufacture and use of gears is concerned with three general characteristics relative to their application: noise, accuracy, and strength or surface durability. In the article, we will be dealing with probably the most aggravating of the group, gear noise.
VOICES | 1985-09-01

Industry Forum

Your May/June issue contains a letter from Edward Ubert of Rockwell International with some serious questions about specifying and measuring tooth thickness.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1985-09-01

Single Flank Data Analysis and Interpretation

Much of the information in this article has been extracted from an AGMA Technical Paper, "What Single Flank Testing Can Do For You", presented in 1984 by the author
VOICES | 1985-07-01

Industry Forum

In response to Ed Uberts letter, we have come a long way in gearing since WWII. The Europeans do use long addendum pinions in many cases. This modification does improve load capacity, sliding conditions and the working life of a gearset. When modifying a pinion tooth it is necessary to modify the gear tooth or adjust the center distance accordingly but we will leave that to the designers.
VOICES | 1985-05-01

Industry Forum

This letter is in response to your article asking the readers where their interests lie. The division of Rockwell International where I work has engineering departments in Cicero.
INDUSTRY NEWS | 1985-05-01

Gear Inspection and Chart Interpretation

Much information has been written on gear inspection, analytical. functional. semiautomatic and automatic. In most cases, the charts, (if you are lucky enough to have recording equipment) have been explained.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1985-03-01

Involute Spline Size Inspection

This article describes a new technique for the size determination of external Involute splines by using a span measuring method. It provides application performance information demonstrating how this method and its measurements correlate with the traditional spline ring gage sizing method.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1984-05-01

Single Flank Testing of Gears

Presumably, everyone who would be interested in this subject is already somewhat familiar with testing of gears by traditional means. Three types of gear inspection are in common use: 1) measurement of gear elements and relationships, 2) tooth contact pattern checks and 3) rolling composite checks. Single Flank testing falls into this last category, as does the more familiar Double Flank test.
TECHNICAL ARTICLES | 1984-05-01

Optimum Number of Teeth for Span Measurement

An expression is derived, giving the optimum number of teeth over which the span measurement should be made, for profile-shifted spur and helical gears.
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